Control-header for refrigerating apparatus.



J. C. SCOVEL, In.

CONTROL HEADER FOR REFRIGERATING APPARATUS.

APPLI CATION FILED NOV. 13. I916.

1 ,QQ 7 QQ, Patented Nov. 27, 1917.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1. c. sco'vu, In. CONTROL HEADER FOR REFRIGERATING APPARATUS.

APPUCATION FILED NOV. 13. I916.

Patented Nov. 2?, 1917.

3 SHEETSSHEET 2- lllllllllllmlll J. C. SCOVEL, In.

CONTROL HEADER FOR BEFRIGERATING APPARATUS.

APPLICATlON mm NOV. 13. i916.

Patented Nov. 27, 1917.

3 $HEETSSHEET 3- /& NW1 1/ W l five/Jr 2/2, 6? JCO #62 erase rarer Janie.

JOHN C. SCOVEL, JR, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR IIIO CONTINENTAL MACHINE AND FOUNDRY COMPANY, OF WILMINGTON, DELAWARE, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE.

CONTROL-HEADER FOR REFRIGERATING APPARATUS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 2'7, 191?.

Application filed November 1s, 1916. Serial noilaross.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, JOHN C, Soovnn, Jr., a. citizen of the United States, and a resident of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Control-Headers for Refrigerating Apparatus; and I do hereby. declare that the following is a full,

clear, and exact description thereof, referones being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, whieli form apart of this specification.

This invention relates to an improved central control header for connecting compressors of refrigerating apparatus to the discharge and return hues and consists of the matters hereinafter described and more particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

The object of the invention is to provide a central control header of the kind described, which will provide in simple and economical form, both as to manufacture and as to attachment, means for reversing the action of the compressor or pump on the rest of the apparatus, as for example, means for connecting the high pressure side of the apparatus to the low pressure side, when it is desired to clean or repair the apparatus.

Another object of the invention 1s to provide a header of the kind described which has a' valve mechanism so constructed that in startiniethe compressor, the high pressure side may connected for a short time withthe low pressure side, during which time the compressor will operate idly until it has at; tained full speed and momentum, thus obviating the enormous strain that is ordinarily put upon the motor or engine when t e compressor is first started into operation. In the drawings: l

Figure 1 illustrates a view in side elevation of a refrigerator com ressor equipped with my improved control eader.

; Fig. 2 illustrates a view in front elevation of the same, the crank case of the compressor being shown in section. v

Fig. 3 illustrates on an enlarged scale, a central, vertical sectional view through the control header, the plane of the section being indicated by the line 3-3 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 illustrates a horizontal, transverse, sectional view throug the control header,

the planeof the section being indicated by the line 4'4 of Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 illustrates a horizontal, transverse sectional View through the control header, the plane of the section being indicated by the line 5-5 of Fig. 3.

Fig. 6 is a similar view, the planeof the sectionbeing indicated by the line 66 of Fi 3.

Fig. 7 illustrates a .detail sectional view through a valve structure employed in my improved header, the plane of the section being indicated by the line 7-7 of Fig. 3.

Referring now in detail to that embodiment of my' invention illustrated in the accompanying drawings,10 indicates a multi-cylinder compressor of any usual type suitable for use in connection with a refrigerating apparatus. As illustrated herein, the compressor is of the two cylinder, upright type. 12 indicates'the upright, hollow base and crank case of the compressor; 13, 13 indicate the cylinders; 14, 14, the pistons which reciprocate therein; 15, 15 the crank pins; 16, the crank shaft mounted in the upright side walls of the crank caseyand 17 22. A valve chamber 23, provided in the upper end of the block, is connected by a pipe 24 to the condenser of the apparatus (not shown). A ported valve seat 25 is interposed between the chamber 20 and the valve chamber 23. A valve chamber 26 is formed in the bottom end of the block below the chamber 21 from which it is se arated by means of-a ported valve seat 2 The chamber 20 is connected by pipefittings 28,

28 to the discharge or outlet ports of the several cylinders. The valve chamber 26 is connected-by pipe fittings 28 28 to the several suction or inlet ports of the compressor. Said fittings 28,28 and 28 28, as shown, extend from the sides of the block or casting,'which is preferably placed symmetrically between the two cylinders of the com Milli pipe 24 to the expansion coil..

At one side of the valve chamber 23 1s formed a ported valve seat 29 for connecting a valve chamber 29 and a by-pass 30 connects said valve chamber with the valve chamber 26. The several valvechambers mentioned are closed by means of suitable bonnets attached to the valve casing in any convenient or well-known manner, and are provided with' stuffing boxes and glands through which their respective valve stems extend so as to be operable from the outside of the casing.

31 indicates the bonnet, stuifing box and gland of thevalve chamber 23. 32 is a hand-valve stem having threaded engagement with said bonnet and operatively connected with a valve 33 which is adapted to be closed on the ported valve seat 25. Said valve comprises two parts, namely, a plug 34 which is screwed u on the reduced end 32 of the valve stem' with a thread the reverse of that ,part ofthe stem that is threaded through the bonnet; and a relatively movable tubular valve plug 35 which is ada ted-to close directly on the valve seat 25. aid tubular plug, as shown, is of greater diameter than the plug 34 and a tubular flange 36 dependingfr0m the bonnet 31 provides a bearing between the two plugs. A pin or screw 37 fixed to the plug 34 and engaged in a slot 37 in the flange 36 (extending parallel to the valve stem 32) prevents rotation of the plug 34. with its stem.

38 indicates the bonnet, stuifing box and gland of the valve chamber 26. 39 indicates a hand-valve stem having threaded engagement with the bonnet and 40 indicates a valve plug adapted to be closed upon the valve seat 27, by means of its engagement with the reduced end 39 of its stem 39, the reduced end being threaded the reverse of the threaded engagement of the stem in its bonnet. A pin 41 fixed in the bonnet and engaged in a groove 4l 'in the valve plug 40 prevents rotation of the plug with the valve stem. 42 indicates the bonnet of the valve chamber 29 and 43 and 44indicate respectively the valve stem and valve plug connected therewith. These are of the same constructlon as those last described.

In the partition wall 22 is provided a' ported valve seat 22, placed on the side next the chamber 21 and the casing is formed said spring seats against a shoulder on a hand-valve stem 48 which has threaded 'engagement within a sleeve 49 whichin turn is threaded into the bonnet 45. 48 indicates the threaded part of the stem 48. Said part is of greater diameter than the stem, and is adapted to be limited in its inward movement in the sleeve 49 by means of an internal shoulder 49* at the base of said sleeve. Manifestly the stem 48 may be operated to adjust the tension of the spring 47. The sleeve 49 determines, by its position, the limit of the inward movement of the stem 48, and therefore limits the tension that may be applied to the spring 47 a by the adjustment of the stem 48. This tension is made such that the greatest pressure of the valve against its seat is normally some predetermined amount in excess of the con denser pressure.

The sleeve 49 is closed at its outer end by means of a stufling box and gland-50 through which the valve stem 48 extends. A fixed ring 48 surrounding the valve stem and abutting against the stufling boxprovides a seat for the lar e screw-threaded part of the valve stem, W ich acts as a 010- sure and prevents any tendency to discharge through the stufling box, when the stem 48 is withdrawn to its outer limit. The sleeve 49 is connected, as shown in the drawings, by a link and seal 49 to the bonnet 45, so that the tension of the spring 47 a can not be increased without breaking the said seal.

A valve 51 of familiar construction, connected with the chamber 26, which is the low pressure chamber of the casing, is connected by a pipe 52 (see Fig. 1), with'a pressureindicating gage 53. A similar valve 54 is connected with the valve chamber 23 in the high pressure end of the casing, and is likewise connected to a pressure gage (not shown).

chamber. This scale trap comprises a cage 55, having a cylindrical wall of wire mesh 56, said ca e being threaded into said casmg 18, in me with the pipe 24. The end of said cage without the casing is closed by a squared head 57 and the other end of said cage is open so that the pipe 24 will discharge into the interior of said cage. It

is thus apparent that any scale or other foreign substance discharged from-the pipe 24 will be caught in said cage and prevented from being'drawn into the compressor. The construction of the cage is such that it may be easily removed from the casing and cleaned, after which it may be as easily re- Placed? 1- The operation of the device is as follows:

merger.

spring 47 on the check valve 47 to a point below condenser pressure. The compressed fiuid discharged into the chamber 20, seekthe ing a way out, will take the path of least resistance, and acting upon the valve 47 and against the pressure of the spring 47*, will pass into the chamber 21, thence through the valve chamber. 26 and the pipes 28 to the low pressure side of the cylinders. The fluid is thus short circuited from the high pres sure side of the cylinders to the low pressure side. This is allowed to continue until the compressor attains full speed and momentum, when the stem 48 is adjusted to bring the spring 47 to its normal, predetermined maximum tension. The fluid will then be discharged to the condenser in the usual way.

When in making repairs, in cleaning out the scale, or for other reasons, it is desired to reverse theoperation cf the compressor, so to connect the condenser with the low pressure side of the cylinders and to connect the expansion coil or chamber with the high pressure side of the cylinders, it is necessary to openthe valve 44, close the valve 40 and close the valve 33 rigidly upon its seat. The tension of the spring 4 a on the valve 47 is also relieved. This will manifestly connect valve chamber 23 by means of the bypass 30, with the valve chamber 26 and thus with the low pressure side of the cylinders. The pressure in the chamber 20 will open the check valve 47 and thus connect the chambers 20, 21 and in that way connect the high pressure side of the cylinders with the expansion coils or chamber of the system.

It will be apparentth'at the check valve 47 acts as a safety valve and the maximum pressure required to open it may be carefully fixed and determined by the adjustment of the sleeve 49. After the adjustment is made, the. link and seal 49 are attached as heretofore described, and the valve cannot be adjusted to withstand a greater pressure without breaking said seal. i

' I claim as my invention:

1 A central control header of the kind 11 described comprising a casing having oppositely disposed valve chambers at its ends,

and two intermediate chambers, a high pressure chamber and a low pressure chamber, separated by a partition wall, said wall having a ported valve seat on the low pressure side, the high pressure chamber being connected by a port to one of said valve chambers and the low pressure chamber being connected by a port to the second valve chamber, said casing having a third valve chamber opening into the first named valve chamber and having a by-pass connecting said third valve chamber with said second valve chamber, a combination hand and pressure controlled check valve for closing the port between said first named valve chamber and the said high pressure chamher, a hand controlled valve for closing the port between'said third named valve chamher and said first named valve chamber, a hand controlled valve for closing the port between said second named valve chamber and said low pressure valve chamber and a combination hand and spring controlled check valve normally closing the port between said high pressure chamber and said 4 low pressure chamber. I

2. A central control header of the kind described comprising a casing having oppositely disposed valve chambers at its ends, and two intermediate chambers, a high pressure chamber and a low pressure chamber, separated by a partition wall, said wall having a ported valve seat on the low pressure side, the high pressure chamber being connected by a port to one of said valve chambers and the low pressure chamber being connected by a port to the second valve chamber, said casing having a third valve chamber opening into the first named valve chamber and having a by-pass connecting said third valve chamber with said second valve chamber, a combination hand and pressure controlled check valve for closing the port between said first named valve chamber and the said high pressure chamber, a hand controlled valve for closing the port between said third named valve chamber and said first named valve'chamber, a hand controlled valve for closing the port between said second named valve chamber and said. low pressure valve chamber, a' spring controlled check valve-normally closing the port between said high pressure chamber and said low pressure chamber, and means. a

for predetermining the maximum pressure that said valve will withstand. 1

3. A central control header of the kind described comprising a casing having oppositely disposed valve chambers at its ends, and two intermediate chambers, a high pressurechamber and a low pressure chamber, separated by a partition wall, said wall aving a sure side, the high pressure chamber being connected by a port to one of said valve chambers and the lowpressure chamber beingconnected by a port to the second valve chamber, said casing having a third valve chamber opening into the first named valve chamberand having a by-pass connecting ported valveseat on the low pres- I said third valve chamber with said second her, a hand controlled valve for closing the 1st port between said thirdnamed valve chamber and said first named valve chamber, a hand controlled valve for closing the port between said second named valvechamber and said low pressure valve chamber, a spring controlled checkvalve normally closing the port between said high pressure chamber and said low pressure chamber, and means including a locking seal for predeter- 10 mining the maximum pressure that said 1 chambers between said valve chambers, said pressure chambers being separated by a partition wall having a ported valve seat on one side, each of said pressure chambers being connectedbya port to one of said valve chambers in the ends of said casing, said casing also having a third valve chamber opening into one of the first mentioned valve chambers, and having a by-pass connecting said third member with the other one of said first mentioned valve chambers In testimony, that I, claim the foregoing as my invention I ailix my signature in the presence of two Witnesses, this 6th day of November A. D. 1916.

JOHN C. soovEL, JR. 

